Insecticidal plant extract potential to control fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda in Benin
Abstract
Fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda is a new threat to maize production since the detection of the pest and its devastating consequences in Benin and West Africa in 2016. The present study aimed at assessing two insecticidal plant extracts namely neem and jatropha oil for the control of FAW. An experimental maize field was set in a latin square design with four treatments replicated four times. The treatments comprised T0 (control), T1 (neem oil at 2l/ha dosage), T2 (jatropha oil at 2l/ha dosage) and T3 (combination of half dosages of both neem oil (1l/ha) and jatropha oil (1l/ha)). Data collection was undertaken on thirty random plants per treatment each third day throughout the maize cropping cycle. These included : the number of FAW egg masses per plant, the number of FAW larvae, the number of predatory insects (earwigs, ladybirds and ants) and FAW-induced damage based on Davis and Williams scales (1992). Maize grain yields and reduction rate in yield loss were computed at the end of the experiments. The results showed that T1 (neem oil at 2l/ha dosage) and T3 (combination of half dosages of both neem oil (1l/ha) and jatropha oil (1l/ha)) significantly reduced FAW oviposition and larval populations. These treatments provided the best reduction in maize grain yield loss as well. Predatory insects were recorded mostly on control and T2 (jatropha oil at 2l/ha dosage) plots. This pilot work is a demonstration of the potential use of botanical biorational pesticides to control FAW in smallscale farms.
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